Fellowship of the Higher Education Academy (FHEA) Practice Exam

Changes in body composition significantly contribute to medication complications in older adults. As individuals age, various physiological changes occur, including alterations in body fat percentage and lean body mass. These changes can impact the distribution, metabolism, and excretion of medications.

For instance, an increase in body fat may result in a prolonged half-life for fat-soluble drugs, leading to potential accumulation and toxicity. Conversely, a decrease in lean muscle mass can reduce the volume of distribution for water-soluble medications, which may elevate plasma concentrations and exacerbate side effects. Furthermore, the aging process can also influence organ function, particularly renal and hepatic, further complicating medication management.

Understanding these factors is crucial for healthcare providers to tailor medication regimens appropriately for older adults, minimizing the risk of adverse drug reactions and ensuring safe and effective treatment. This highlights the need to consider individual physiological changes when prescribing medications to this vulnerable population.